Barbecue sauce (also abbreviated
BBQ sauce) is a
liquid flavoring
sauce or
condiment ranging from watery to quite thick. As the name implies, it was created as an accompaniment to
barbecued foods. While it can be applied to any food, it usually tops
meat after cooking or during barbecuing,
grilling, or
baking. Traditionally it has been a favored sauce for
ribs and
chicken. On rarer occasions, it's used for dipping items like fries, as well as a replacement for tomato sauce in barbecue-style
pizzas. In some barbecue circles, it's frowned upon to add any condiment, including barbecue sauce, to barbecued food, while others argue that barbecue sauce is central to the barbecue experience.
Barbecue sauces may combine sour, sweet, spicy, and tangy ingredients or focus on a particular flavor alone. It sometimes carries with it a smokey flavor. The ingredients vary, but some commonplace items are
tomato paste,
vinegar,
spices, and
sweeteners. These variations are often due to regional traditions and recipes.
History
The precise origin of barbecue sauce is unclear. Some put back its history hundreds of years to the formation of the first
American colonies in the 17th century. References to the substance start occurring in both
English and
French literature over the next two hundred years.
South Carolina mustard sauce, a type of barbecue sauce, can be traced to
German settlers in the 18th century.
Early cookbooks didn't tend to include recipes for barbecue sauce. The first commercially-produced barbecue sauce was made by the
Louis Maull co. in 1926, but the first nationally distributed barbecue sauce didn't appear until 1948, when
Heinz released a product in the
United States.
Kraft Foods also started making cooking oils with bags of spices attached, supplying another market entrance of barbecue sauce.
Many restaurants have specialty barbecue sauces.
Variations
Different geographical regions have allegiances to their particular styles and variations for barbecue sauce. For example, vinegar and mustard-based barbecue sauces are popular in certain areas of the southern
United States, while in Asian countries a ketchup and corn syrup-based sauce is common. Mexican
salsa can also used as a base for barbecue sauces.
Australia
In Australia, barbecue sauce can be simply a blend of tomato sauce and
Worcestershire sauce. There are various sauces in the market from fruity to
brown sauce.
United States
The U.S. has a wide variety of differing barbecue sauce tastes:
- Memphis - The center of Southern pork barbecue, Memphis sauces occupy the middle ground between other styles. Based on tomatoes, vinegar, brown sugar and spices, but not too thick, these blends provide moderate amounts of sweet, heat, and tang, with a lot of flavor.
- Kansas City – thick, reddish-brown, tomato-based with molasses
- St. Louis – generally tomato-based, thinned with vinegar, sweet and spicy; it isn't as sweet and thick as Kansas City-style barbecue sauce, nor as spicy-hot and thin as Texas-style
- North Carolina – three major types corresponding to region: Eastern (vinegar with pepper flakes), Piedmont (tomato-based with vinegar), and Western (tomato-based and thicker)
- South Carolina – mustard-based (central, Low Country regions of state), vinegar and black pepper (Pee Dee region), light or thick tomato (Upstate region)
- Alabama – vinegar and pepper base in the northern counties; tomato/ketchup base with Mediterranean influences in the Birmingham area; sharper, unsweetened tomato/vinegar blend in the western counties around Tuscaloosa; mustard-based in the Chattahoochee River valley in the eastern part of the state; a special white mayonnaise and black pepper-based sauce is used on chicken in the area around Decatur
- Georgia – much of the state favors a ketchup base flavored with the likes of garlic, onion, black pepper, brown sugar, and occasionally bourbon; South Carolina-like mustard sauce found in areas around Savannah and Columbus
- Arkansas – thin vinegar and tomato base, spiced with pepper and slightly sweetened by molasses
- Texas – tomato-based with hot chiles, cumin, less sweet
Asia
Hoisin sauce, a type of Chinese style barbecue sauce, serves as a base ingredient in many other recipes for
Chinese barbecue sauces.
Tandoori Chicken is an Indian dish which uses a spicy, yogurt-based barbecue sauce.
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